Rites of Spring（ISBN=9780395937587） 下载 pdf 2025 网盘 epub 在线 mobi 免费

　　Dazzling in its originality, witty and perceptive in

unearthing patterns of behavior that history has erased, RITES OF

SPRING probes the origins, the impact, and the aftermath of World

War I -- from the premiere of Stravinsky's ballet The Rite of

Spring in 1913 to the death of Hitler in 1945. "The Great War," as

Modris Eksteins writes, "was the psychological turning point . . .

for modernism as a whole. The urge to create and the urge to

destroy had changed places." In this "bold and fertile book"

(Atlantic Monthly), Eksteins goes on to chart the seismic shifts in

human consciousness brought about by this great cataclysm through

the lives and words of ordinary people, works of literature, and

such events as Lindbergh's transatlantic flight and the publication

of the first modern bestseller, ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT.

RITES OF SPRING is a remarkable and rare work, a cultural history

that redefines the way we look at our past and toward our

future.

MAP OF THE WESTERN FRONT

PREFACE

Prologue: Venice

ACT ONE

　Pats

　VISION

　MAY 2g, 1913

　LE TH , TRE DES CHAMPS-　LYSI ES

　DIAGHILEV AND THE BALLETS RUSSES

　REBELLION

　CONFRONTATION AND LIBERATION

　AUDIENCE

　SCANDAL AS SUCCESS

　Bedin

　VER SACRUM

　OVERTURE

　TECHNIQUE

　CAPITAL

　KULTUR

　CULTURE AND REVOLT

　WAR AS CULTURE

　In Flanders' Fields

　A CORNER OF A FOREIGN FIELD

　GUNS OF AUGUST

　PEACE ON EARTH

　THE REASON WHY

　VICTORIAN SYNTHESIS

　IS THERE HONEY STILL FOR TEA,

ACT TWO

　Rites of War

　BATTLE BALLET

　THEMES

　TRANSVALUATION

　Reason in Madness

　THEIRS WAS NOT TO REASON WHY

　DUTY

　Sacred Dance

　WAR GOD

　CONGREGATION

　Journey to the Interior

　WAR AS ART

　ART AS FORM

　ART AND MORALITY

　AVANT-GARDE

　ACT THREE

　Night Dancer

　THE NEW CHRIST

　STAR

　LEST WE FORGET

　ITINERARY AND SYMBOL

 ……

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

NOTES

SELECTED SOURCES

INDEX

　　Modris Ekstein is a professor of history at the University

of Toronto's Scarborough campus

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按照19世纪中产阶级的世界观，历史在本质上终归是进步的，而进步又源于道德上的节制和世俗生活中的进取，也就是说，既要相信天命又要相信个人奋斗。……言外之意是，公共需要与个体愿望之间的和解——即使不是完全一致——是可能的，是值得期待的。……如果说最大的幸福并不一定来自对责任的履行，那么强烈的个人满足感就是。在19世纪中产阶级理想化的道德准则中，个人奋斗的目标永远是社会和谐、公共福利和公共的善。个体利益虽说应该得到国家的保护和促进，但最终还是要服从公共的善；只有懂得约束自己的人才是是体面的；为公共服务的观念，或者说责任，成了这个阶级最大的成就。

英国人和法国人的信仰有一种理性的基础；德国人的信仰则是建立在唯心主义和浪漫主义之上的。英国人和法国人的信仰是社会的，而德国人的信仰是形而上的。……德国的资本主义，是“贬值了的”资本主义。……德国人在1914年和整个战争期间实现的精神上的团结——它在战争中大多数时候都得到了大部分社会主义者的支持——更多的是建立在私德而不是公共价值观的基础上，是建立在想象而不是社会现实的基础上。

纳粹主义是一种企图，企图用美丽的谎言欺骗德意志民族，欺骗全世界。不过，美丽的谎言也是庸俗艺术的实质。庸俗艺术是某种形式的虚构和欺骗。它是日常现实的替代性选择，若是没有它，日常现实就会在精神上显得空虚。它代表着“乐趣”和“兴奋”、能量和大场面，尤其是“美”。庸俗艺术用美学取代了道德。庸俗艺术是死神的面具。

纳粹主义是庸俗艺术的终极表现，是让人的思想麻木得无法正常思考的致命征兆的终极表现。

先锋派这个说法通常只适用于在创作中倡导实验方法并强烈主张反叛既定权威的艺术家和作家。现代主义这个概念既包括这种先锋派，也包括在追求解放以及反叛行为背后的智识冲动。

如果说一开始对许多德国人来说，战争就和美是一个意思，那它愈演愈烈的狂暴则被很多人当做不过是其美学意义的加强而已。换句话说，随着战争的破坏力的不断加大，它也相应地继续被精神化，或被内在化。

……

你变得坚强了。这种生活把所有的软弱和感伤一扫而空。你被戴上了锁链，被剥夺了自决的可能性，接受了忍受痛苦的训练，接受了自我克制和自我约束的训练。但最主要的是你转向了内心。你能忍受这种生活、这些可怕的事情和这种谋杀的唯一方法就是，把你的精神植根于更高级的领域。你被迫进入自我观照的状态，你不得不与死亡达成协议。为了找到能够抵消可怕的现实的东西，你必须伸手够取最高贵的和最高级的东西。

在19个世纪初的“半岛战争”中

媒体评论

　　"A Fertile Book." -- Paul Fussell

　　"A bold and unforgetable journey into the heart of our Daemonic

century." - Alfred Kazin

书籍介绍

Dazzling in its originality, witty and perceptive in unearthing patterns of behavior that history has erased, RITES OF SPRING probes the origins, the impact, and the aftermath of World War I -- from the premiere of Stravinsky's ballet The Rite of Spring in 1913 to the death of Hitler in 1945. "The Great War," as Modris Eksteins writes, "was the psychological turning point . . . for modernism as a whole. The urge to create and the urge to destroy had changed places." In this "bold and fertile book" (Atlantic Monthly), Eksteins goes on to chart the seismic shifts in human consciousness brought about by this great cataclysm through the lives and words of ordinary people, works of literature, and such events as Lindbergh's transatlantic flight and the publication of the first modern bestseller, ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT. RITES OF SPRING is a remarkable and rare work, a cultural history that redefines the way we look at our past and toward our future.